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A technique that is used to process and create images of the human body is called radiology. It is one of the important departments in all the hospitals. A physician diagnoses and treats his patient using these images. There are many techniques involved in radiology. Some of the common technologies are MRI, Nuclear medicine, photo acoustic imaging, breast tomography, tomography and ultrasound. These are used for different type of imaging. MRI creates a two dimensional image of the particular organ. It uses the electromagnetic resonance to polarize and excite the hydrogen ions in water molecules from the human tissues which produces a signal that is encoded as an image.
Nuclear medicine uses certain isotopes and energetic particles emitted form radio active material to diagnose and treat various pathological conditions. Gamma cameras are used to detect biological activities that are related with the disease. Isotopes are inserted in the patient’s body and the effects are administered. It helps to detect the presence of fractures in joints. Photo acoustic imaging is a recent imaging technology which is based on the photo acoustic effect. It combines optical absorption contrast with ultrasonic spatial resolution for deep imaging. It is used for tumor oncogenes monitoring, blood oxygenation mapping, functional brain imaging and detection of skin melanoma.
Radiology is also used in the treating cancer patients. Use of high radiations on the affected area will stop the growth of cancerous tissues. Radiologists work closely with senior physicians to decide on the treatment plan. There is different treatment methods used for each disease. The radiologist analyses the condition of the patient and administers the medicines accordingly. There are many side effects like hair loss, loss of appetite and weight loss after the radiation therapy.
It is the responsibility of the radiologist to convince the patients and improve the quality of their life.
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